Guinea

Quick Facts

🇬🇳
Capital:
Conakry
Official Language(s):
French
Currency:
Guinean franc (Fr)
Population:
13,132,792

Overview

Guinea, officially the Republic of Guinea, is a coastal country in West Africa. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Guinea-Bissau to the northwest, Senegal to the north, Mali to the northeast, Côte d'Ivoire to the southeast, and Sierra Leone and Liberia to the south. It is sometimes referred to as Guinea-Conakry, after its capital Conakry, to distinguish it from other territories in the eponymous region, such as Guinea-Bissau and Equatorial Guinea. Guinea has a population of 14 million and an area of 245,857 square kilometres (94,926 sq mi).

Institutional Framework

The strength of a country's institutions directly impacts its economic development and stability. Strong institutions reduce uncertainty, protect property rights, and enable efficient markets through:
  • Rule of law and contract enforcement
  • Control of corruption
  • Government effectiveness and regulatory quality

* Indicators normalized to 0-100 scale

Economic Structure

The composition of an economy reveals its strengths, vulnerabilities, and potential for growth. Understanding the balance between sectors (agriculture, industry, services) and their sophistication helps assess economic resilience and development opportunities.

Economic Health & Trade

Economic Scale & Power

An economy with $17,069,115,737.826B(2021) GDP, showing strong growth at 5.6%(2021). Emerging economy with development potential.

GDP Growth
5.6%(2021)
GDP PPP
$51,260,936,277.817

Economic Structure

Economic structure shows 36.2%(2021) in services, 28.8%(2021) in industry, and 27.1%(2021) in agriculture. Significant agricultural sector.

Economic Health & Trade

Economic health indicators show 5.8%(2021) unemployment and 12.6%(2021) inflation. Trade profile with 56.2%(2021) exports and 59.0%(2021) imports as % of GDP.

Unemployment
5.8%(2021)
Inflation
12.6%(2021)
Exports/GDP
56.2%(2021)
Imports/GDP
59.0%(2021)

Innovation & Competitiveness

Innovation capacity determines a country's ability to compete in the global knowledge economy. Key indicators like R&D investment, patent applications, and high-tech exports reveal the potential for sustainable economic growth and value creation.

High-Tech Exports

N/A

% of manufactured exports

ICT Exports

N/A

% of total goods exports

Digital Adoption

31.3

% of population using internet

Mobile Connectivity

101.9

Subscriptions per 100 people

Manufacturing Value

11.4

% of GDP

International Position

A country's integration into global markets affects its economic opportunities and risks. Trade relationships, financial flows, and geographic advantages or constraints shape its development trajectory and resilience to external shocks.

Financial & Trade Geography

Trade Profile

Trade represents 115.20%(2021) of GDP, with a trade balance of -2.76%(2021).

FDI Inflows
1.16%(2021)
FDI Outflows
-0.02%(2021)

Financial Security

External Debt

33.57%(2021)

Foreign Reserves

N/A(N/A months of imports)

Supply Chain & Technology

Technology Trade

ICT Imports
N/A
High-Tech Exports
N/A

Economic Structure

Manufacturing
11.42%(2021)
Services
36.17%(2021)

Trade Agreements & Dependencies

Trade Agreements

No major trade agreements

Critical Dependencies

    Growth Trajectory

    Understanding growth patterns helps predict future economic performance and development challenges. Key factors include productivity trends, investment levels, and structural transformation progress, which together determine long-term prosperity potential.

    Growth Potential Indicators

    Human Capital

    Education and workforce development

    25.7/100

    Trade Position

    International trade and competitiveness

    19.0/100

    Economic Structure

    Sectoral balance and sophistication

    26.5/100

    Demographics & Human Capital

    Demographics are fundamental to understanding a country's economic potential and challenges. The population structure influences everything from labor force availability to social security systems and public spending priorities.

    Demographics

    Population Overview

    Total population of 13,710,513(2021) with 2.5%(2021) annual growth. Median age is N/A with fertility rate at 4.399 births/woman(2021).

    Life Expectancy
    58.892 years(2021)
    Birth Rate
    34.425 per 1,000(2021)

    Age Structure

    Working-age population (54.7%(2021)) with youth at 41.9%(2021) and elderly at 3.4%(2021). Total dependency ratio: 82.8%(2021).

    Young Dependency
    76.5%(2021)
    Old Dependency
    6.3%(2021)

    Gender & Migration

    Population is 50.6%(2021) female and 49.4%(2021) male, with sex ratio of 1.045 males/female(2021) at birth. Net migration: -4,373(2021).

    Male Mortality
    303.082/1,000(2021)
    Female Mortality
    263.795/1,000(2021)

    Development Indicators

    Urban population growing at 3.6%(2021) annually, with 62.7%(2021) in rural areas. Literacy rate: 45.3%(2021).

    Urbanization
    37.3%(2021)
    Infant Mortality
    63.7 per 1,000(2021)

    Population Structure

    The population pyramid visualizes the age and gender distribution, revealing crucial insights about economic sustainability. A balanced pyramid with a strong working-age population (typically ages 15-64) indicates greater economic potential, as this group supports both the younger and older generations through:
    • Labor force participation and productivity
    • Tax contributions to support social services
    • Innovation and economic growth

    An aging population (top-heavy pyramid) or youth bulge (bottom-heavy) can create demographic pressures on social systems and economic stability.

    Source: World Bank Development Indicators

    Security Context

    Security considerations fundamentally affect economic development and investment attractiveness. Both geographic factors and military capabilities influence a country's stability and its ability to protect economic interests and maintain sustainable growth.

    Geographic & Resource Security

    Food & Agriculture

    Arable land comprises 20.3%(2021) of territory, with 69.6%(2021) total agricultural land. Cereal yield: 1,344.9 kg/hectare(2021).

    Food Production Index
    138.17(2021)
    Cereal Production
    4,038,149 MT(2021)

    Energy Security

    Net energy imports at N/A of consumption. Renewable energy makes up 46.8%(2021) of total. Electricity access: N/A.

    Resource Rents
    N/A

    Water Resources

    Fresh water resources of 1,651 m³/capita(2021) per person. Annual precipitation: 25.024 mm(2021).

    Forest Area
    1.5%(2021)

    Environmental Vulnerability

    16483.7%(2021) of population affected by climate disasters. Forest coverage at 1.5%(2021) providing natural buffer.

    Annual Rainfall
    25.024 mm(2021)

    Military & Security

    Military Capabilities

    Military expenditure at N/A of GDP. Armed forces personnel: 1,000,000(2021) ( N/A of labor force).

    Arms Exports
    5,741 USD(2021)
    Arms Imports
    N/A

    Strategic Status

    Military Alliances

    No major military alliances

    Nuclear Status

    Non-Nuclear State

    Security Environment

    Refugee population: 1,084,924(2021)Internally displaced: 963,695(2021)

    Strategic Geography

    Strategic Features

    • Borders 6 countries