Chile

Quick Facts

🇨🇱
Capital:
Santiago
Official Language(s):
Spanish
Currency:
Chilean peso ($)
Population:
19,116,209

Overview

Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. Chile had a population of 17.5 million as of the latest census in 2017 and has a territorial area of 756,102 square kilometers (291,933 sq mi), sharing borders with Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage to the south. The country also controls several Pacific islands, including Juan Fernández, Isla Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas, and Easter Island, and claims about 1,250,000 square kilometers (480,000 sq mi) of Antarctica as the Chilean Antarctic Territory. The capital and largest city of Chile is Santiago, and the national language is Spanish.

Institutional Framework

The strength of a country's institutions directly impacts its economic development and stability. Strong institutions reduce uncertainty, protect property rights, and enable efficient markets through:
  • Rule of law and contract enforcement
  • Control of corruption
  • Government effectiveness and regulatory quality

* Indicators normalized to 0-100 scale

Economic Structure

The composition of an economy reveals its strengths, vulnerabilities, and potential for growth. Understanding the balance between sectors (agriculture, industry, services) and their sophistication helps assess economic resilience and development opportunities.

Economic Health & Trade

Economic Scale & Power

An economy with $315,515,014,838.539B(2021) GDP, showing strong growth at 11.3%(2021). Developing economy with moderate income levels.

GDP Growth
11.3%(2021)
GDP PPP
$566,819,004,550.313

Economic Structure

Economic structure shows 55.0%(2021) in services, 30.9%(2021) in industry, and 3.5%(2021) in agriculture. Balanced economic structure.

Economic Health & Trade

Economic health indicators show 9.3%(2021) unemployment and 4.5%(2021) inflation. Trade profile with 32.0%(2021) exports and 32.9%(2021) imports as % of GDP.

Unemployment
9.3%(2021)
Inflation
4.5%(2021)
Exports/GDP
32.0%(2021)
Imports/GDP
32.9%(2021)

Innovation & Competitiveness

Innovation capacity determines a country's ability to compete in the global knowledge economy. Key indicators like R&D investment, patent applications, and high-tech exports reveal the potential for sustainable economic growth and value creation.

High-Tech Exports

12.4

% of manufactured exports

ICT Exports

0.3

% of total goods exports

Digital Adoption

88.8

% of population using internet

Mobile Connectivity

136.3

Subscriptions per 100 people

Manufacturing Value

8.5

% of GDP

International Position

A country's integration into global markets affects its economic opportunities and risks. Trade relationships, financial flows, and geographic advantages or constraints shape its development trajectory and resilience to external shocks.

Financial & Trade Geography

Trade Profile

Trade represents 64.84%(2021) of GDP, with a trade balance of -0.89%(2021).

FDI Inflows
4.81%(2021)
FDI Outflows
4.62%(2021)

Financial Security

External Debt

N/A

Foreign Reserves

$51.25B(2021)(4.7 months of imports)

Supply Chain & Technology

Technology Trade

ICT Imports
8.98%(2021)
High-Tech Exports
12.44%(2021)

Economic Structure

Manufacturing
8.53%(2021)
Services
54.98%(2021)

Trade Agreements & Dependencies

Trade Agreements

No major trade agreements

Critical Dependencies

    Growth Trajectory

    Understanding growth patterns helps predict future economic performance and development challenges. Key factors include productivity trends, investment levels, and structural transformation progress, which together determine long-term prosperity potential.

    Growth Potential Indicators

    Human Capital

    Education and workforce development

    65.1/100

    Trade Position

    International trade and competitiveness

    21.9/100

    Economic Structure

    Sectoral balance and sophistication

    33.8/100

    Demographics & Human Capital

    Demographics are fundamental to understanding a country's economic potential and challenges. The population structure influences everything from labor force availability to social security systems and public spending priorities.

    Demographics

    Population Overview

    Total population of 19,456,334(2021) with 0.4%(2021) annual growth. Median age is N/A with fertility rate at 1.537 births/woman(2021).

    Life Expectancy
    78.944 years(2021)
    Birth Rate
    11.788 per 1,000(2021)

    Age Structure

    Working-age population (68.9%(2021)) with youth at 18.1%(2021) and elderly at 13.0%(2021). Total dependency ratio: 45.0%(2021).

    Young Dependency
    26.2%(2021)
    Old Dependency
    18.8%(2021)

    Gender & Migration

    Population is 50.3%(2021) female and 49.7%(2021) male, with sex ratio of 1.042 males/female(2021) at birth. Net migration: 65,480(2021).

    Male Mortality
    126.526/1,000(2021)
    Female Mortality
    68.283/1,000(2021)

    Development Indicators

    Urban population growing at 0.5%(2021) annually, with 12.2%(2021) in rural areas. Literacy rate: N/A.

    Urbanization
    87.8%(2021)
    Infant Mortality
    5.7 per 1,000(2021)

    Population Structure

    The population pyramid visualizes the age and gender distribution, revealing crucial insights about economic sustainability. A balanced pyramid with a strong working-age population (typically ages 15-64) indicates greater economic potential, as this group supports both the younger and older generations through:
    • Labor force participation and productivity
    • Tax contributions to support social services
    • Innovation and economic growth

    An aging population (top-heavy pyramid) or youth bulge (bottom-heavy) can create demographic pressures on social systems and economic stability.

    Source: World Bank Development Indicators

    Security Context

    Security considerations fundamentally affect economic development and investment attractiveness. Both geographic factors and military capabilities influence a country's stability and its ability to protect economic interests and maintain sustainable growth.

    Geographic & Resource Security

    Food & Agriculture

    Arable land comprises 2.0%(2021) of territory, with 14.5%(2021) total agricultural land. Cereal yield: 6,491.2 kg/hectare(2021).

    Food Production Index
    106.73(2021)
    Cereal Production
    3,035,972.47 MT(2021)

    Energy Security

    Net energy imports at N/A of consumption. Renewable energy makes up 100.0%(2021) of total. Electricity access: N/A.

    Resource Rents
    N/A

    Water Resources

    Fresh water resources of 1,522 m³/capita(2021) per person. Annual precipitation: 24.657 mm(2021).

    Forest Area
    1.6%(2021)

    Environmental Vulnerability

    45486.5%(2021) of population affected by climate disasters. Forest coverage at 1.6%(2021) providing natural buffer.

    Annual Rainfall
    24.657 mm(2021)

    Military & Security

    Military Capabilities

    Military expenditure at N/A of GDP. Armed forces personnel: 57,000,000(2021) ( N/A of labor force).

    Arms Exports
    2,065 USD(2021)
    Arms Imports
    N/A

    Strategic Status

    Military Alliances

    No major military alliances

    Nuclear Status

    Non-Nuclear State

    Security Environment

    Refugee population: 544,395(2021)Internally displaced: 626,587(2021)

    Strategic Geography

    Strategic Features

    • Borders 3 countries